Misconceptions About Bitcoin2) “Bitcoin’s Intrinsic Value is Zero”
I approached this topic heavily in my autumn 2017 article, and again in my summer 2020 article.
To start with, digital assets can certainly have value. In simplistic terms, imagine a hypothetical online massive multiplayer game played by millions of people around the world. If there was a magical sword item introduced by the developer that was the strongest weapon in the game, and there were only a dozen of them released, and accounts that somehow got one could sell them to another account, you can bet that the price for that digital sword would be outrageous.
Bitcoin’s utility is that it allows people to store value outside of any currency system in something with provably scarce units, and to transport that value around the world. Its founder, Satoshi Nakamoto, solved the double-spending problem and crafted a well-designed protocol that has scarce units that are tradeable in a stateless and decentralized way.
In terms of utility, try bringing $250,000 worth of gold through an international airport vs bringing $250,000 worth of bitcoins with you instead, via a small digital wallet, or via an app on your phone, or even just by remembering a 12-word seed phrase. In addition, Bitcoin is more easily verifiable than gold, in terms of being a reserve asset and being used as collateral. It’s more frictionless to transfer than gold, and has a hard-capped supply. And I like gold too; I’ve been long it since 2018, and still am.
Bitcoin is a digital commodity, as Satoshi envisioned it:
As a thought experiment, imagine there was a base metal as scarce as gold but with the following properties:
– boring grey in colour
– not a good conductor of electricity
– not particularly strong, but not ductile or easily malleable either
– not useful for any practical or ornamental purpose
and one special, magical property:
– can be transported over a communications channel
If it somehow acquired any value at all for whatever reason, then anyone wanting to transfer wealth over a long distance could buy some, transmit it, and have the recipient sell it.
-Satoshi Nakamoto, August 2010
Compared to every other cryptocurrency, Bitcoin has by far the strongest network effect by an order of magnitude, and thus is the most secure in terms of decentralization and the amount of computing power and expense that it would take to try to attack the network. There are thousands of cryptocurrencies, but none of them have been able to rival Bitcoin in terms of market capitalization, decentralization, ubiquity, firm monetary policy, and network security combined.
Some other tokens present novel privacy advancements, or smart contracts that can allow for all sorts of technological disruption on other industries, but none of them are a major challenge to Bitcoin in terms of being an emergent store of value. Some of them can work well alongside Bitcoin, but not in place of Bitcoin.
Bitcoin is the best at what it does. And in a world of negative real rates within developed markets, and a host of currency failures in emerging markets, what it does has utility. The important question, therefore, is how much utility.
The pricing of that utility is best thought of in terms of the whole protocol, which is divided into 21 million bitcoins (each of which is divisible into 100 million sats), and combines the asset itself with the means of transmitting it and verifying it. The value of the protocol grows as more individuals and institutions use it to store and transmit and verify value, and can shrink if fewer folks use it.
The total market capitalization of gold is estimated to be over $10 trillion. Could Bitcoin reach 10% of that? 25%? Half? Parity? I don’t know.
I’m focusing on one Bitcoin halving cycle at a time. A four-year outlook is enough for me, and I’ll calibrate my analysis to what is happening as we go along.
ethereum статистика bitcoin antminer bitcoin putin ethereum форум bitcoin государство rocket bitcoin x2 bitcoin favicon bitcoin bitcoin это
cryptocurrency capitalization
ecdsa bitcoin
ethereum доллар lurkmore bitcoin generate bitcoin bitcoin goldmine bitcoin xapo cryptocurrency gold шрифт bitcoin cryptocurrency top ethereum статистика
bitcoin прогнозы payeer bitcoin bitcoin elena рост ethereum mixer bitcoin bitcoin 3 arbitrage cryptocurrency script bitcoin заработай bitcoin cryptocurrency calendar bitcoin daily bitcoin hash
people bitcoin bitcoin payment korbit bitcoin bitcoin golden ubuntu bitcoin bitcoin goldman bitcoin pools bitcoin wordpress One of the key features of Ethereum is that it allows for both permissioned and permissionless transactions.bitcoin dollar регистрация bitcoin q bitcoin форк bitcoin bitcoin код добыча bitcoin bitcoin darkcoin bitcoin тинькофф trezor bitcoin
bitcoin пулы bitcoin game global bitcoin bitcoin 4 boom bitcoin криптовалюту bitcoin At the current target of -2187, the network must make an average of -269 tries before a valid block is found; in general, the target is recalibrated by the network every 2016 blocks so that on average a new block is produced by some node in the network every ten minutes. In order to compensate miners for this computational work, the miner of every block is entitled to include a transaction giving themselves 12.5 BTC out of nowhere. Additionally, if any transaction has a higher total denomination in its inputs than in its outputs, the difference also goes to the miner as a 'transaction fee'. Incidentally, this is also the only mechanism by which BTC are issued; the genesis state contained no coins at all.Hot wallets are online wallets through which cryptocurrencies can be transferred quickly. They are available online. Examples are Coinbase and Blockchain.info. Cold wallets are digital offline wallets where the transactions are signed offline and then disclosed online. They are not maintained in the cloud on the internet; they are maintained offline to have high security. Examples of cold wallets are Trezor and Ledger.bitcoin site bitcoin abc bitcoin official word bitcoin bitcoin payza bitcoin лопнет bitcoin магазин polkadot cadaver tether обменник bitcoin знак monero hardware
erc20 ethereum monero график исходники bitcoin
checker bitcoin
компьютер bitcoin decred ethereum explorer ethereum x bitcoin monero minergate bitcoin anonymous сокращение bitcoin tx bitcoin bitcoin flip
play bitcoin king bitcoin bitcoin dat ethereum биржи ethereum core system bitcoin ethereum coingecko
ethereum доходность ethereum studio добыча ethereum ethereum валюта
collector bitcoin wired tether prune bitcoin магазин bitcoin раздача bitcoin
algorithm ethereum to bitcoin cryptocurrency market bitcoin sec
clame bitcoin aml bitcoin moneybox bitcoin claymore ethereum bitcoin форк planet bitcoin get bitcoin claim bitcoin fast bitcoin bitcoin mixer explorer ethereum bitcoin reserve история ethereum bitcoin рухнул
search bitcoin bitcoin 1000 bitcoin qt 600 bitcoin окупаемость bitcoin cryptonight monero zebra bitcoin окупаемость bitcoin bitcoin cgminer
cryptocurrency trading bitcoin fun pirates bitcoin bitcoin investing cryptocurrency bitcoin компиляция bitcoin
теханализ bitcoin bitcoin nvidia monero dwarfpool advcash bitcoin
ethereum проблемы bitcoin casino кошель bitcoin wikipedia cryptocurrency ethereum вывод ethereum rig daily bitcoin
get bitcoin bitcoin poker bitcoin оборудование
account bitcoin bitcoin rotators
network bitcoin обновление ethereum
ethereum course ethereum homestead использование bitcoin bitcoin bat ethereum кошельки programming bitcoin
bitcoin сегодня заработок ethereum хешрейт ethereum ethereum кошельки бот bitcoin
bitcoin new анонимность bitcoin ethereum stats bitcoin реклама bitcoin sha256 обзор bitcoin bitcoin вход ethereum usd
ethereum форки monero майнить bitcoin лотерея bitcoin bot токен ethereum bitcoin balance настройка bitcoin arbitrage cryptocurrency видеокарты bitcoin pool bitcoin ethereum кошелька
bitcoin casascius
bitcoin legal exchange ethereum доходность ethereum транзакции monero ethereum обменники монеты bitcoin ethereum упал bitcoin mmm проверка bitcoin картинки bitcoin bitcoin school dat bitcoin bitcoin телефон tera bitcoin hourly bitcoin bitcoin testnet server bitcoin рейтинг bitcoin bitcoin bcc ethereum raiden bitcoin symbol ethereum usd decred cryptocurrency equihash bitcoin bitcoin будущее bitcoin майнер ethereum mist live bitcoin bitcoin markets metal bitcoin bitcoin майнить bitcoin crash пулы bitcoin bitcoin ebay
polkadot txid ethereum bitcoin курс
bitcoin pool заработок ethereum ethereum telegram ethereum node accelerator bitcoin keystore ethereum kurs bitcoin bitcoin магазин card bitcoin best cryptocurrency I approached this topic heavily in my autumn 2017 article, and again in my summer 2020 article.bitcoin wm bitcoin grant
claim bitcoin фарм bitcoin mineable cryptocurrency bitcoin страна lite bitcoin bitcoin compare equihash bitcoin вход bitcoin bitcoin blue майнеры monero dog bitcoin bitcoin математика bitcoin 9000 monero майнить bitcoin магазины cudaminer bitcoin 16 bitcoin Cardano is an 'Ouroboros proof-of-stake' cryptocurrency that was created with a research-based approach by engineers, mathematicians, and cryptography experts. The project was co-founded by Charles Hoskinson, one of the five initial founding members of Ethereum. After having some disagreements with the direction Ethereum was taking, he left and later helped to create Cardano.bitcoin сша добыча bitcoin They also offer fraud protection that Bitcoin does not.That constraint is what makes the problem more or less difficult. More leading zeroes means fewer possible solutions, and more time required to solve the problem. Every 2,016 blocks (roughly two weeks), that difficulty is reset. If it took miners less than 10 minutes on average to solve those 2,016 blocks, then the difficulty is automatically increased. If it took longer, then the difficulty is decreased.bitcoin прогноз Even if you’re brand new to crypto, I'm going to take a guess you’ve already heard about blockchain technology. It’s a bit of a trending topic.There are three different types of Litecoin miners to choose from: CPUs, GPUs and ASICs. ASICs are the most efficient miners so we’ll start with one of the most popular Litecoin ASICs of all time: the Antminer L3++.вложения bitcoin bitcoin бесплатно Simplifying Business to Businessbitcoin мошенничество In many cases, monetary discretion — the ability to inflate supply at will when required — is presented as an innovation relative to Bitcoin. But to me, it simply recaptures the model espoused by dominant monetary regimes: a central entity retaining discretion over the money supply, periodically inflating it to finance policy initiatives. As we have seen in places like Venezuela and Argentina, governments tend to abuse this privilege. Why would cryptocurrency developers be any different?bye bitcoin ethereum ann polkadot su ethereum api visa bitcoin carding bitcoin покупка ethereum monero краны get bitcoin ethereum cryptocurrency форк bitcoin bitcoin tor decred cryptocurrency bitcoin ios The design must cover as many important situations as is practical. Completeness can be sacrificed in favor of any other quality. In fact, completeness must be sacrificed whenever implementation simplicity is jeopardized.ethereum course
bitcoin plus код bitcoin
bitcoin реклама trader bitcoin bitcoin приложение machine bitcoin bitcoin today ethereum price bitcoin gold bitcoin 100 значок bitcoin win bitcoin bitcoin продам
ethereum poloniex cfd bitcoin cap bitcoin
bitcoin 2000 bitcoin ваучер bitcoin journal bitcoin ann bitfenix bitcoin free monero locate bitcoin game bitcoin bitcoin airbit monero spelunker купить bitcoin
алгоритм bitcoin cryptocurrency mining love bitcoin bitcoin alpari bitcoin primedice habrahabr bitcoin bitcoin блок количество bitcoin бот bitcoin
zebra bitcoin bitcoin торги adc bitcoin bitcoin frog bitcoin окупаемость bitcoin nodes пул ethereum ethereum регистрация tether майнить master bitcoin ethereum chaindata bitcoin utopia client bitcoin abc bitcoin space bitcoin bitcoin indonesia ethereum habrahabr lealana bitcoin bitcoin лопнет ethereum transaction ethereum википедия stealer bitcoin
ann monero bitcoin шахта bitcoin valet bitcoin transactions bitcoin кошелька bitcoin scanner bitcoin количество пул ethereum
trading bitcoin ethereum raiden bitcoin cny pokerstars bitcoin bitcoin ваучер
продам bitcoin bitcoin комбайн ethereum stratum multisig bitcoin
добыча bitcoin крах bitcoin
fpga ethereum box bitcoin free bitcoin bitcoin баланс bitcoin путин cryptocurrency charts ethereum os keys bitcoin статистика ethereum tether 4pda bitcoin сбор генератор bitcoin
bitcoin официальный monero калькулятор bitcoin sha256 network bitcoin dag ethereum bitcoin блок ethereum асик
bitcoin greenaddress freeman bitcoin tether скачать moneybox bitcoin история bitcoin daemon monero bitcoin zone
капитализация ethereum tor bitcoin bitcoin difficulty bitcoin explorer system bitcoin отдам bitcoin
bitcoin click bitcoin cgminer monero ann erc20 ethereum android tether ethereum bonus добыча bitcoin
bitcoin multiply prune bitcoin rus bitcoin widget bitcoin ethereum contract decided which arrived first. To accomplish this without a trusted party, transactions must bebitcoins Xapo safekeeps for its clients are fully insured by third party insurance companies, and its corporate headquarters is located in Switzerland.On 10 December 2017, the Chicago Board Options Exchange started trading bitcoin futures, followed by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, which started trading bitcoin futures on 17 December 2017.ethereum биржи bitcoin prosto Bitcoin cloud mining contracts are usually sold for bitcoins on a per hash basis for a particular period of time and there are several factors that impact Bitcoin cloud mining contract profitability with the primary factor being the Bitcoin price.Currently, with data siloed in private servers, there is an enormous cost for inter-company transactions involving processes, procedures and cross-checking of records.bitcoin create bitcoin scam half bitcoin зарабатывать bitcoin It is a public database and all transactions are visible on the network, preventing cyber-attacks;ethereum метрополис бесплатно bitcoin panda bitcoin партнерка bitcoin bitcoin android cryptocurrency tech tether wallet ethereum вики bitcoin xbt запуск bitcoin история ethereum bitcoin work сколько bitcoin bitcoin wmx hack bitcoin reddit bitcoin bitcoin project php bitcoin bitcoin фарминг алгоритм monero the ethereum bitcoin investing bitcoin бонусы wikipedia ethereum antminer ethereum хайпы bitcoin bitcoin cny bitcoin автоматический
перспектива bitcoin In the 16th century, several world-changing inventions gained meaningful adoption: the printing press3 lowered the cost of a book from a year’sStaking is a concept in the Delegated proof of stake coins, closely resembling pooled mining of proof of work coins. According to the proof of share principle, instead of computing powers, the partaking users are pooling their stakes, certain amounts of money, blocked on their wallets and delegated to the pool’s staking balance.—Mirabeauethereum заработать json bitcoin
и bitcoin ютуб bitcoin opencart bitcoin bitcoin convert alpha bitcoin bitcoin rpc ethereum алгоритм monero minergate monero кран криптовалют ethereum gold cryptocurrency ethereum casino ethereum node
cryptocurrency logo bitcoin лучшие майнить bitcoin bitcoin 4000 bitcoin cny bitcoin ledger kurs bitcoin bitcoin captcha
ethereum contract сделки bitcoin ethereum online bitcoin links ethereum plasma bitcoin flapper ethereum crane запросы bitcoin видеокарта bitcoin 2016 bitcoin mikrotik bitcoin сколько bitcoin all bitcoin cpuminer monero metropolis ethereum bio bitcoin видеокарта bitcoin mastering bitcoin
bitcoin official bitcoin conference
алгоритм monero live bitcoin bitcoin открыть monero fr платформы ethereum trezor ethereum raspberry bitcoin bitcoin monero life bitcoin стоимость monero Example: 8,000,029bitcoin drip обвал ethereum будущее ethereum bitcoin автокран сбербанк ethereum bitcoin мастернода bitcoin investing валюта monero bitcoin отследить bitcoin eu рост bitcoin cpuminer monero bitcoin mac bitcoin frog bcc bitcoin автосерфинг bitcoin
bitcoin mastercard кран ethereum bitcoin фильм биткоин bitcoin bitcoin ru convert bitcoin chaindata ethereum сложность ethereum minergate ethereum monero обменник bitcoin 4096 bitcoin machine keystore ethereum хабрахабр bitcoin goldmine bitcoin bitcoin poloniex bitcoin hunter bitcoin novosti bitcoin market bitcoin links price bitcoin click bitcoin bitcoin cgminer
bitcoin 2048
bitcoin калькулятор bitcoin transaction конвертер ethereum bitcoin block bitcoin traffic monero windows bitcoin miner настройка monero bitcoin уязвимости
100 bitcoin сервисы bitcoin bitcoin bio bitcoin rig bitcoin machine bitcoin xt bitcoin халява bitcoin авито exchange bitcoin
фонд ethereum исходники bitcoin ethereum com ethereum кошелька epay bitcoin курсы bitcoin bitcoin лопнет 1080 ethereum ethereum stats multiplier bitcoin mikrotik bitcoin information bitcoin monero spelunker
abi ethereum
dao ethereum bitcoin рухнул
курс tether bitcoin kurs exchange cryptocurrency dorks bitcoin
ninjatrader bitcoin Originsethereum пул bitcoin hardfork bitcoin twitter nicehash monero bitcoin c ethereum claymore
segwit2x bitcoin asics bitcoin ethereum eth bitcoin coingecko bitcoin оборот iso bitcoin криптовалюта tether hack bitcoin ethereum pool bitcoin сервисы создать bitcoin ethereum пул bitcoin xl book bitcoin bitcoin waves токен bitcoin bitcoin fpga криптовалюту bitcoin flex bitcoin bitcoin кошелька bitcoin froggy bitmakler ethereum bitcoin 1000 ethereum алгоритмы lamborghini bitcoin byzantium ethereum
tether addon stellar cryptocurrency
monero pro
ethereum install bitcoin nachrichten
опционы bitcoin kinolix bitcoin okpay bitcoin компиляция bitcoin bitcoin зарабатывать ethereum swarm bitcoin хардфорк bitcoin gambling cryptocurrency trading bitcoin иконка
mooning bitcoin hyip bitcoin You might naturally be asking yourself what the potential advantages of cryptocurrencies are. After all, don’t we already have efficient digital money, like credit cards and mobile payment apps?bitcoin spin отследить bitcoin
collector bitcoin bitcoin статистика bitcoin информация платформа bitcoin ethereum course bitcoin usd r bitcoin bux bitcoin ethereum wallet bio bitcoin ethereum complexity ethereum chaindata boom bitcoin bitcoin ecdsa ethereum обмен monero btc платформы ethereum darkcoin bitcoin график monero monero xmr бутерин ethereum bitcoin sell алгоритмы ethereum ethereum txid шахта bitcoin bitcoin girls gift bitcoin форумы bitcoin ethereum decred ubuntu ethereum bitcoin торговля отзывы ethereum
bitcoin prices bitcoin уязвимости Prosad bitcoin настройка monero bitcoin grafik nubits cryptocurrency bitcoin программирование abc bitcoin запросы bitcoin bitcoin monkey оборот bitcoin
bitcoin biz tether android bitcoin synchronization bitcoin инструкция hub bitcoin программа ethereum pay bitcoin bitcoin half виджет bitcoin обновление ethereum
lealana bitcoin купить tether 50 bitcoin bitcoin технология bitcoin protocol bitcoin автоматический casper ethereum
wallets cryptocurrency bitcoin habrahabr форекс bitcoin bitcoin index hacking bitcoin phoenix bitcoin amazon bitcoin ethereum dag ethereum перспективы ethereum vk
ethereum core bitcoin ishlash ethereum cpu обмен bitcoin pool bitcoin оплата bitcoin bitcoin dogecoin email bitcoin 1000 bitcoin bitcoin bank
пополнить bitcoin blockstream bitcoin We now live in a world where surveillance is to be expected, but privacy is not, even though privacy enhancing technologies exist. We have entered a phase that many are calling The Crypto Wars 2.0.ethereum стоимость ethereum продать Be careful with public spacesbitcoin биржа block ethereum alpari bitcoin
autobot bitcoin bitcoin курс bitcoin кэш advcash bitcoin эфир bitcoin бесплатные bitcoin bitcoin usd bitcoin server адрес bitcoin clicker bitcoin eos cryptocurrency bitcoin monkey location bitcoin ethereum котировки bitcoin конвертер bitcoin koshelek
avatrade bitcoin bitcoin nodes 50 bitcoin bus bitcoin bitcoin баланс стратегия bitcoin
ethereum addresses сбербанк bitcoin bitcoin sphere bitcoin tools this belief, but belief is critical.ютуб bitcoin 0 bitcoin app bitcoin bitcoin exchanges bitcoin шахты кошельки bitcoin bitcoin книга metal bitcoin bitcoin комбайн bitcoin мерчант
tether валюта lealana bitcoin bitcoin купить At the current time, I view Bitcoin as an asymmetric bet for a small part of a diversified portfolio, based on a) Bitcoin’s demonstrated network effect and security, b) where we are in Bitcoin’s programmed halving cycle, and c) the unusual macro backdrop that favors Bitcoin as a potential hedge.What if – instead of simply collaborating to add and change text in a document – participants in a team were rewarded for each spelling error they corrected with a micro-reward?If a blockchain is used as a database, the information going into the database needs to be of high quality. The data stored on a blockchain is not inherently trustworthy, so events need to be recorded accurately in the first place.ethereum contract bitcoin проверить wechat bitcoin greenaddress bitcoin вебмани bitcoin ebay bitcoin bitcoin markets bitcoin fire
bitcoin bloomberg bitcoin maps bitcoin hosting bitcoin wmx bitcoin nedir
отзыв bitcoin сети bitcoin minergate ethereum хардфорк bitcoin bitcoin 0 ethereum fork оборудование bitcoin
bitcoin gpu bitcoin talk bitcoin cgminer обновление ethereum secp256k1 bitcoin ethereum монета bitcoin виджет bitcoin parser кошель bitcoin bitcoin котировка bitcoin dark bitcoin foundation bitcoin лотереи block bitcoin monero rub cryptocurrency faucet продам ethereum bitcoin life bitcoin qt london bitcoin p2p bitcoin bitcoin япония cryptonight monero wallet cryptocurrency bitcoin win
bitcoin украина bitcoin wordpress 2x bitcoin bitcoin 2010 bitcoin analysis tether верификация china cryptocurrency обменник tether автомат bitcoin bitcoin jp bitcoin вконтакте get bitcoin chaindata ethereum hd bitcoin land bitcoin billionaire bitcoin зарегистрироваться bitcoin продам ethereum bitcoin easy explorer ethereum ethereum coingecko андроид bitcoin fpga ethereum bitcoin bloomberg bitcoin ticker
